<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rss version="2.0"
	xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"
	xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/"
	xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
	xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"
	xmlns:sy="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/"
	xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/"
	>

<channel>
	<title>攝影入門 Photography Tips for Beginners - 攝影技巧教學 &#187; histogram</title>
	<atom:link href="http://www.fotobeginner.com/tag/histogram/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>http://www.fotobeginner.com</link>
	<description>Fotobeginner.com</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Fri, 03 Feb 2012 09:06:00 +0000</lastBuildDate>
	<language>en</language>
	<sy:updatePeriod>hourly</sy:updatePeriod>
	<sy:updateFrequency>1</sy:updateFrequency>
	<generator>http://wordpress.org/?v=3.1</generator>
		<item>
		<title>簡單Photoshop技巧 - 調出「淡色負片膠卷風格」</title>
		<link>http://www.fotobeginner.com/2670/photoshop-film-style/</link>
		<comments>http://www.fotobeginner.com/2670/photoshop-film-style/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 31 Jan 2011 10:58:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>nikkiloveu</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[軟件應用]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[histogram]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[photoshop]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[對比]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[曝光]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[膠卷]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[色調]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.fotobeginner.com/?p=2670</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[今天跟大家分享筆者一種最喜愛的色調風格。看起來淡淡的，帶點藍調，就似是淡色負片的味道；看起來很生活化，很柔和。近來不論手機或相機，拍攝時也有很多預設模式設成不同風格，我們也能動手自已做一個：只需要簡單的Photoshop技巧，便能調出這種膠卷色調了！<p><b><a href="http://www.fotobeginner.com/2670/photoshop-film-style/">(更多...)</a></b></p>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2875" title="b02" src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/b02.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="375" /></p>
<p>平常拍的數碼生活照看起來有點悶？換成上面的色調看起來如何？</p>
<h3>利用Photoshop簡單套用「淡色負片膠卷風格」</h3>
<p>看起來淡淡的，帶點藍調，就似是淡色負片的味道；看起來很生活化，很柔和。近來不論手機或相機，拍攝時也有很多預設模式設成不同風格，我們也能動手自已做一個：只需要簡單的Photoshop技巧，便能調出這種膠卷色調了！</p>
<p><a rel="attachment wp-att-2674" href="http://www.fotobeginner.com/2670/photoshop-film-style/b00/"><img class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-2674" src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/B00-300x225.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="225" /></a></p>
<p>這是未經加工，由普通數碼相機拍的原圖：帶點暗淡，對比較強烈。一般人若要調校這張照片，該是增加光度及對比吧，讓照片看起來色彩較分明及光亮。可是現在我們要調淡色和加點藍調，看起來又是另一種味道。</p>
<p><strong>讓我換張照片跟大家逐步解說吧！</strong></p>
<div id="attachment_2671" class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 309px"><a rel="attachment wp-att-2671" href="http://www.fotobeginner.com/2670/photoshop-film-style/a01/"><img class="size-large wp-image-2671 " src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/A01-374x500.jpg" alt="" width="299" height="400" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">原圖</p></div>
<h3>要調出「淡色負片膠卷風格」，步驟如下：</h3>
<p>1. 打開圖片，圖像(Image) → 調整(Adjustments) → <strong>可選顏色(Selective Color)</strong></p>
<p><a rel="attachment wp-att-2677" href="http://www.fotobeginner.com/2670/photoshop-film-style/web1/"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2677" src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/web1.jpg" alt="" width="360" height="356" /></a></p>
<p>2. <strong>中性色(Neutrals)</strong> → 黃色(Yellow) <strong>-20%</strong></p>
<p><a rel="attachment wp-att-2679" href="http://www.fotobeginner.com/2670/photoshop-film-style/web3/"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2679" src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/web3.jpg" alt="" width="450" height="374" /></a></p>
<p>3. <strong>黑色(Blacks)</strong> → 黃色(Yellow) <strong>-20%</strong></p>
<p><a rel="attachment wp-att-2680" href="http://www.fotobeginner.com/2670/photoshop-film-style/web4/"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2680" src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/web4.jpg" alt="" width="450" height="374" /></a></p>
<div id="attachment_2672" class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 310px"><a rel="attachment wp-att-2672" href="http://www.fotobeginner.com/2670/photoshop-film-style/a02/"><img class="size-large wp-image-2672 " src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/A02-375x500.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="400" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">半成品圖</p></div>
<p>我們剛剛把灰色和黑色的地方變成偏藍。因為最深色的地方都偏藍，所以相片看起來淡了。這方法跟調低飽和度不同，因為我們只調了灰色和黑色，其他顏色沒有改變。</p>
<h3>不過照片看起來還有點暗淡，現在就調校光暗吧...</h3>
<p>4. 圖像(Image) → 調整(Adjustments) → 色階(Levels)</p>
<p><a rel="attachment wp-att-2681" href="http://www.fotobeginner.com/2670/photoshop-film-style/web5/"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2681" src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/web5.jpg" alt="" width="360" height="356" /></a></p>
<p>5. 這是照片的<a href="http://www.fotobeginner.com/103/introduction-to-photo-histogram/" target="_blank">Histogram</a></p>
<p>把中間的<strong>灰色箭嘴</strong>向<strong>左</strong>移動，或直接輸入<strong>大於1</strong>的數值，為整張照片加上一層白色</p>
<p><a rel="attachment wp-att-2682" href="http://www.fotobeginner.com/2670/photoshop-film-style/web6/"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2682" src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/web6.jpg" alt="" width="450" height="300" /></a></p>
<p>6. 把右邊的<strong>白色箭嘴</strong>向左移動，或輸入<strong>少於255</strong>的數值，為照片增加曝光</p>
<p><a rel="attachment wp-att-2683" href="http://www.fotobeginner.com/2670/photoshop-film-style/web7/"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2683" src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/web7.jpg" alt="" width="450" height="300" /></a></p>
<p>7. 若不喜歡照片太淡色，可把左邊的黑色箭嘴向右移動<br />
建議輸入<strong>不多於15</strong>的數值，略略加強照片的陰影</p>
<p><a rel="attachment wp-att-2684" href="http://www.fotobeginner.com/2670/photoshop-film-style/web8/"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2684" src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/web8.jpg" alt="" width="450" height="300" /></a></p>
<p>步驟5-7調校色階的部分，數值只作為參考。</p>
<p>白色(光位)和黑色(暗位)箭嘴用作調校光暗和對比，膠卷風格中最重要的是<strong>灰色箭嘴</strong>，實為調校<strong>中間值</strong>。當中間值大於1，照片蓋上了一層白色，使陰影變光亮了，所以看起來減低了對比。</p>
<div id="attachment_2685" class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 298px"><a rel="attachment wp-att-2685" href="http://www.fotobeginner.com/2670/photoshop-film-style/a03/"><img class="size-full wp-image-2685 " src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/A03.jpg" alt="" width="288" height="384" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">完成圖</p></div>
<p>最後跟大家分享筆者其他生活照吧！當然我也鼓勵大家嘗試拍真正的膠卷啊！</p>
<p><a rel="attachment wp-att-2686" href="http://www.fotobeginner.com/2670/photoshop-film-style/c01/"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2686" src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/C01.jpg" alt="" width="450" height="253" /></a></p>
<p><a rel="attachment wp-att-2687" href="http://www.fotobeginner.com/2670/photoshop-film-style/c02/"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2687" src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/C02.jpg" alt="" width="450" height="338" /></a></p>
<p><b><a href="http://www.fotobeginner.com/2670/photoshop-film-style/">(更多...)</a></b></p>]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://www.fotobeginner.com/2670/photoshop-film-style/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>8</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>怎樣知道相片是太光還是太暗? Histogram!</title>
		<link>http://www.fotobeginner.com/103/introduction-to-photo-histogram/</link>
		<comments>http://www.fotobeginner.com/103/introduction-to-photo-histogram/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 02 Jan 2009 17:39:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alex Tam</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[推介文章]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[攝影知識]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[histogram]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[曝光]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.fotobeginner.com/?p=103</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[無論是DC還是DSLR，大家有沒有試過在陽光底下看不清LCD上的相片，常常懷疑相片是否曝光不正確(太光/太暗)? 現在便讓我向大家介紹一個在Digital Photography內很重要和很方便的工具 - Histogram!<p><b><a href="http://www.fotobeginner.com/103/introduction-to-photo-histogram/">(更多...)</a></b></p>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h3>相片太光/太暗?</h3>
<p>無論是DC還是DSLR，大家有沒有試過在陽光底下看不清LCD上的相片，常常懷疑相片是否曝光不正確(太光/太暗)?</p>
<h3>解決方法</h3>
<p><img class="size-medium wp-image-104 alignnone" title="d70_histogram" src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/d70_histogram-300x200.jpg" alt="d70_histogram" width="300" height="200" /></p>
<p>現在便讓我向大家介紹一個在Digital Photography內很重要和很方便的工具 - <strong>Histogram</strong> (中譯"直方圖")。對於初學習攝影的朋友來說這可算是一個很新和比較"技術"的東西吧，但其實一旦明白了箇中的意義便會發現它實在是好用了！現在便向大家簡單的介紹一下。<span id="more-103"></span></p>
<p>在一個Histogram內，x-axis代表由暗至光的資訊，y-axis則代表該資訊的數量，以下是三種最常見的曝光情況：</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>過曝</strong> (Overexposed)<br />
 大部份資訊也偏向右邊，左邊基本上沒有任何資訊。</li>
<li><strong>正常曝光 </strong>(Average)<br />
 資訊很平均地分佈在左至右，中間的資訊比較多。</li>
<li><strong>曝光不足 </strong>(Underexposed)<br />
 大部份資訊也偏向左邊，右邊基本上沒有任何資訊。</li>
</ol>
<p><img class="size-large wp-image-105 alignnone" title="histogram-1" src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/histogram-1-665x1024.jpg" alt="點擊放大" width="319" height="491" /></p>
<h3>例子</h3>
<p>以下是一些例子，讓大家更清楚相片的曝光情況與histogram的關係：</p>
<table style="margin: 0pt auto; width: 500px;" border="0" cellspacing="5">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="center"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-108" style="border: #cccccc solid 1px;padding:1px;" title="under" src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/under.jpg" alt="under" width="210" height="317" /></td>
<td align="center"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-107" style="border: #cccccc solid 1px;padding:1px;" title="over" src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/over.jpg" alt="over" width="210" height="317" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">
<p><br class="spacer_" /></p>
<div id="attachment_110" class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 220px"><img class="size-full wp-image-110" title="under-histo" src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/under-histo.jpg" alt="under-histo" width="210" height="82" /><p class="wp-caption-text">曝光不足Underexposed</p></div>
</td>
<td align="center">
<p><br class="spacer_" /></p>
<div id="attachment_109" class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 220px"><img class="size-full wp-image-109" title="over-histo" src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/over-histo.jpg" alt="over-histo" width="210" height="82" /><p class="wp-caption-text">過份曝光Overexposed</p></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>從上兩張圖片可以看出如果你拍攝一幅相片後發現Histogram有偏左(曝光不足)或偏右(過份曝光)的情況，那麼你最好作EV的加減(EV+/-)或調教一下你的快門光圈組合了。</p>
<p><br class="spacer_" /></p>
<h3><em>正確Histogram</em>的迷思</h3>
<p>是否每一張相片也需要擁有或調較成正常曝光的histogram呢? 當然不是，就如之前 <a href="http://www.fotobeginner.com/98/introduction-to-white-balance-part-2/">淺談白平衡 (White balance) - Part 2</a> 一文內提過一樣，攝影講求的是技術和意境的配合，一張過曝或曝光不足的相片也能成為一張好相片，看看以下的例子：</p>
<table style="margin: 0pt auto; width: 500px;" border="0" cellspacing="5">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="center"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-112" title="pq-moon-thumb" src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/pq-moon-thumb.jpg" alt="pq-moon-thumb" width="300" height="232" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-111" title="moon-histo" src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/moon-histo.jpg" alt="moon-histo" width="210" height="92" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>很明顯這幅月光的相片是曝光不足(右邊完全沒有資訊)的，但這樣反而是拍攝者想帶出的效果。</p>
<table style="margin: 0pt auto; width: 500px;" border="0" cellspacing="5">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="center"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-114" title="tahoe-tree-in-fog-thumb" src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/tahoe-tree-in-fog-thumb.jpg" alt="tahoe-tree-in-fog-thumb" width="300" height="394" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-113" title="tree-fog-histo" src="http://www.fotobeginner.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/tree-fog-histo.jpg" alt="tree-fog-histo" width="210" height="92" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>而這幅雪地樹木的相片是過份曝光(左邊完全沒有資訊)的，但更能反映出雪地的效果。</p>
<p><br class="spacer_" /></p>
<h3>結論</h3>
<p>Histogram其實只是一個真實反映出相片暗位和光位的分布情況，沒有對和錯的histogram，但當然，如果你希望拍攝出一個曝光正常的相片(如旅行攝影，普通人像，正常的風景等等)，histogram是非常有參考價值的，因此我建議大家拍攝後不要只看相片，也要多參考histogram來了解不同的<a href="http://www.fotobeginner.com/25/introduction-to-iso-aperture-and-shutter-speed/">光圈、快門、ISO組合</a>在不同環境下對曝光的影響，當然最重要的是可以確保相片有心目中"正確"的曝光吧！</p>
<p style="line-height:normal">圖片來源：<br />
 <a href="http://www.luminous-landscape.com/tutorials/understanding-series/understanding-histograms.shtml" target="_blank">http://www.luminous-landscape.com/tutorials/understanding-series/understanding-histograms.shtml</a><br />
 <a href="http://www.photoanswers.co.uk/Advice/Search-Results/Photopedia/Histogram-/" target="_blank">http://www.photoanswers.co.uk/Advice/Search-Results/Photopedia/Histogram-/</a><br />
 <a href="http://www.outbackphoto.com/workflow/wf_41/essay.html" target="_blank">http://www.outbackphoto.com/workflow/wf_41/essay.html</a></p>
<p><b><a href="http://www.fotobeginner.com/103/introduction-to-photo-histogram/">(更多...)</a></b></p>]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://www.fotobeginner.com/103/introduction-to-photo-histogram/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>19</slash:comments>
		</item>
	</channel>
</rss>

